[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":7},["ShallowReactive",2],{"grammar-just-already-yet-for-since":3},{"title":4,"lead":5,"body":6},"Present perfect: just, already, yet; how long, for і since","Present perfect — недавня подія, результат якої важливий зараз, і ситуація, що почалася в минулому й триває досі.","\u003Cdiv class=\"s xl\">\n    \u003Cspan class=\"t su\">Підмет\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"arrow\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">have \u002F has\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"arrow\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">just \u002F already\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"arrow\">+\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">третя форма\u003C\u002Fspan>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"blk\">\n    \u003Cspan class=\"blk-t\">Just, already, yet: що й де\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"swap\">\n      \u003Cspan class=\"swap-l\">щойно\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cdiv class=\"s\">\u003Cspan class=\"t su\">I\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">'ve\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">just\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">bought\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t\">new strings.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"swap-l\">вже\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cdiv class=\"s\">\u003Cspan class=\"t su\">She\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">'s\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">already\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">saved\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t\">£200.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"swap-l\">вже?\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cdiv class=\"s\">\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">Have\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t su\">you\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">found\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t\">a guitar\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">yet?\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cspan class=\"swap-l\">ще не\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cdiv class=\"s\">\u003Cspan class=\"t su\">I\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">haven't\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">decided\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">yet.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cp class=\"muted\">\u003Cb>just\u003C\u002Fb> і \u003Cb>already\u003C\u002Fb> — між have і третьою формою. \u003Cb>yet\u003C\u002Fb> — у кінці питання чи заперечення.\u003C\u002Fp>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"exs\">\n      \u003Cp class=\"ex\">I\u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">'ve\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">just\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">seen\u003C\u002Fspan> an advertisement.\u003Cspan class=\"tr\">Я щойно побачила оголошення.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n      \u003Cp class=\"ex\">I\u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">'ve\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">already\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">paid\u003C\u002Fspan> my phone bill.\u003Cspan class=\"tr\">Рахунок за телефон я вже оплатив.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n      \u003Cp class=\"ex\">\u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">Have\u003C\u002Fspan> you \u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">achieved\u003C\u002Fspan> your target \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">yet\u003C\u002Fspan>? — Not \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">yet\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003Cspan class=\"tr\">Ти вже досяг своєї цілі? — Ще ні.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"blk\">\n    \u003Cspan class=\"blk-t\">How long? — for чи since\u003C\u002Fspan>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"s lg\">\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">How long\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">have\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t su\">you\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t vb\">had\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"t\">this guitar?\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"tl\">\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"tl-axis\">\u003Cspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan>\u003Cspan>минуле\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cb>зараз\u003C\u002Fb>\u003Cspan>майбутнє\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"tl-row\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"tl-name\">\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">since\u003C\u002Fspan> відколи\u003C\u002Fspan>\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"tl-track\">\u003Cspan class=\"tl-span\" style=\"--from: 20%; --to: 50%\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"tl-pt\" style=\"--at: 20%\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"tl-lbl\" style=\"--at: 20%\">2020\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cp class=\"tl-ex\">He\u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">'s lived\u003C\u002Fspan> here \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">since\u003C\u002Fspan> 2020.\u003Cspan class=\"tr\">Він живе тут з 2020 року.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"tl-row\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"tl-name\">\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">for\u003C\u002Fspan> скільки\u003C\u002Fspan>\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"tl-track\">\u003Cspan class=\"tl-span\" style=\"--from: 20%; --to: 50%\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"tl-lbl\" style=\"--at: 35%\">five years\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cp class=\"tl-ex\">I\u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">'ve had\u003C\u002Fspan> it \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">for\u003C\u002Fspan> five years.\u003Cspan class=\"tr\">Вона в мене п’ять років.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"split\">\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"split-col\">\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"split-h\">\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">for\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan>+ скільки триває\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"exs\">\n          \u003Cp class=\"ex\">for ten minutes · for three months · for a long time\u003C\u002Fp>\n          \u003Cp class=\"ex\">How long have you played the guitar? — \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">For\u003C\u002Fspan> two years.\u003Cspan class=\"tr\">А як давно ти граєш на гітарі? — Два роки.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"split-col\">\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"split-h\">\u003Cspan class=\"t k\">since\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan>+ з якого моменту\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n        \u003Cdiv class=\"exs\">\n          \u003Cp class=\"ex\">since ten o'clock · since March · since I was a child\u003C\u002Fp>\n          \u003Cp class=\"ex\">We\u003Cspan class=\"w-vb\">'ve known\u003C\u002Fspan> each other \u003Cspan class=\"w-k\">since\u003C\u002Fspan> school.\u003Cspan class=\"tr\">Ми знайомі ще зі школи.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n        \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n      \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"callout\">\u003Cspan class=\"callout-mark\">живу\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cp>Українською — теперішній час: «живу тут два роки». Англійською — Present perfect: не «I live here for two years», а \u003Cb>I've lived here for two years\u003C\u002Fb>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"mis\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"bad\">\u003Csvg class=\"ico\">\u003Cuse href=\"#i-bad\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Fsvg>\u003Cspan>I've had it \u003Cs>since\u003C\u002Fs> two years.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"good\">\u003Csvg class=\"ico\">\u003Cuse href=\"#i-good\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Fsvg>\u003Cspan>I've had it \u003Cb>for\u003C\u002Fb> two years.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"bad\">\u003Csvg class=\"ico\">\u003Cuse href=\"#i-bad\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Fsvg>\u003Cspan>\u003Cs>I've bought\u003C\u002Fs> it yesterday.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"good\">\u003Csvg class=\"ico\">\u003Cuse href=\"#i-good\" \u002F>\u003C\u002Fsvg>\u003Cspan>I \u003Cb>bought\u003C\u002Fb> it yesterday.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cp class=\"mis-note\">Названо завершений час (yesterday, last week, in 2020) — Past simple, не Present perfect.\u003C\u002Fp>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"chk\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"chk-h\">\u003Ch2>Перевір себе\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cspan class=\"muted\">Обери слово\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"q\" aria-live=\"polite\" data-answer=\"yet\" data-why=\"«Ще не» в запереченні — yet у кінці речення.\">\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"q-row\">\u003Cspan>I haven't paid the bill\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"q-opts\">\u003Cbutton class=\"opt\" type=\"button\">already\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003Cbutton class=\"opt\" type=\"button\">just\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003Cbutton class=\"opt\" type=\"button\">yet\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan>.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"q\" aria-live=\"polite\" data-answer=\"since\" data-why=\"2020 — момент початку → since.\">\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"q-row\">\u003Cspan>He's lived here\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"q-opts\">\u003Cbutton class=\"opt\" type=\"button\">for\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003Cbutton class=\"opt\" type=\"button\">since\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan>2020.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n    \u003C\u002Fdiv>\n  \u003C\u002Fdiv>",1793376379777]